Tiriti o Waitangi - Kupu Ake - Nga kupu ake a etahi tangata mo te tiriti 1940-1959 Kāinga Pānuitia te Tiriti Wātaka Orokohanga Raumei Whakataunga Tiriti Ngā Take Mahere Pae Reo Pākehā   Tāngata Ingoa Nui Kupu Ake He Mapi Rerenga Ngā FAQ Whakamārama KEI TĒNEI WĀHANGA English version of this page Kupu Ake NgĀ kupu ake a Ētahi tĀngata mŌ te tiriti 1940-1959 Kei tēnei wāhanga ētahi o ngā kupu ake a ētahi tāngata ingoa nui e pā ana ki te Tiriti, mai i te wā o mua i te hainatanga o te Tiriti tae mai ki te tau 1990. Kimi KIMI MĀRIRE Kāore e arohia ngā tohutō i roto i ngā mahi kimi. NGĀ HONO E HĀNGAI ANA • Tāngata Ingoa Nui • Te Puni Kokiri • Archives New Zealand Rārangi Ingoa Tātai Reta Ballance, John 1888 Barclay, Rui 1960 Barnard, William 1932 Bell, Francis (Sir) 1922 Bertrand, G. (Major) 1940 Bledisloe (Lord) (1) 1934 , (2) 1934 , (3) 1934 Bracken, Thomas 1882 Bunbury, Thomas (Major) 1840 Cameron, (General) 1864 Carr, Clyde (Reverend) 1932 Carroll, James 1891 , 1894 , 1908 Carroll, Turi (Sir) 1963 Chapman (Justice) 1847 Chief of Ngā Puhi 1848 Churchill, Winston (Sir) 1906 Clarke, George 1861 Coates, Dandeson 1838 Coates, Joseph Gordon 1925 , 1932 , 1934 Cobham (Lord) 1960 Colenso, William 1844 Cooke, Alfred 1913 Cooper, Whina (Dame) 1953 , (1) 1975 , (2) 1975 Dewes, Koro 1968 Fenton, F. D. (Chief Judge) 1857 , 1870 Field, William H. 1932 Fitchett, (Dr) 1909 FitzRoy, Robert (Governor) 1844 , 1845 , 1846 Forbes, George (1) 1932 , (2) 1932 , (1) 1934 , (2) 1934 Fraser, Peter 1923 , 1940 Galway (Viscount) 1940 Gipps, (Governor) (1) 1840 , (2) 1840 Graham, Douglas 1984/1985 Gregory, Bruce (Dr) 1984/1985 Hadfield, Octavius (Archdeacon) 1840 , 1860 , 1861 Harawira, Titewhai 1975 Heke, Hone 1844 , 1845 Herangi, Te Puea 1940 Highet, David 1974 , 1976 Hobson, William (Captain) (1) 1840 , (2) 1840 Hunn, Jack 1960 Jack, Roy (Sir) 1974 Jessep, J. 1934 Kawepo, Renata 1861 , 1877 King, Michael Te Puea Herangi 1939 Kirk, Norman Eric 1973 , 1974 Kohere, Reweti (Reverend) 1905 Langstone, Frank 1940 , 1944 Latimer, Graham (Sir) 1990 Lawry, Walter (Reverend) (1) 1845 , (2) 1845 Lowry, L. G. 1944 Hamuera Mangakahia, Moehau 1892 Mangakahia, Hamiora 1908 Maori Rights Conservation Association 1907 Martin, Samuel McDonald 1841 , (1) 1845 , (2) 1845 Mason, Henry Rex 1939 Maunsell, Robert (Reverend) 1845 , 1846 , 1847 Mawhete, Rangiputangatahi 1944 May, Henry 1973 McLean, Mr 1984 Moki, P. (Reverend) 1940 Muldoon, Robert 1973 , 1974 Nash, Walter 1932 , (1) 1960 , (2) 1960 Native Affairs Committee Report 1945 Nene, Tamati Waka 1840 , 1860 New Zealand Herald Editorials 1934 , (1) 1940 , (2) 1940 Ngapua, Hone Heke 1894 Ngata, Apirana (Sir) 1907 , 1919 , 1922 , 1930 , (1) 1932 , (2) 1932 , (3) 1932 , 1934 , 1938 , 1939 , (1) 1940 , (2) 1940 Ngata, Henare 1972 Ngatata, Wiremu Tako 1873 Ngati Raukawa petition 1860 Normanby, (Lord) 1839 Paerimu, Eruena 1879 Paikea, Paraire Karaka 1939 , 1940 Palmer, Geoffrey 1984 , 1990 Pana-kareao, Nopera 1840 , 1841 Parata, C. 1908 Parr, James (Sir) 1932 Parry, William 1938 Plunket, William (Sir) 1908 Potae, Wi 1934 Prendergast, James 1877 Pugsley, Christopher Maori Battalion 1918 Puriri, Nau Paraone Kawiti 1963 Queen Elizabeth II 1963 , 1990 Rankin, Hone Heke 1953 Rata, Matiu 1960 , 1971 , 1973 , 1974 , 1975 , 1976 Ratana, Tahupotiki Wiremu - petition 1932 Ratana, Haami Tokouru (Toko) - 1939 Ratana (Mrs) 1960 Rewa, Ngai Tawake 1840 Riddiford, Daniel (1) 1971 , (2) 1971 Rowling, Bill 1975 Royal Commission on Social Policy 1988 Ruru, David 1975 Salmond, John (Sir) 1918 Savage, Michael Joseph 1934 Seddon, Richard (Premier) 1894 , 1902 Simpson, Peter (Dr) 1990 Sinclair, Keith (Sir) 1990 Somes, Joseph 1843 Stanley (Lord) 1845 Stirling, Eruera 1985 Stout, Robert 1914 Sutch, William 1966 Symonds, W.C. (Captain) 1840 Taipari, Wirope Hoterini 1869 Taipua Te Puna-I-rangiriri, Hoani 1891 Taonui, Aperahama 1863 Tawhiao, (King) 1884 , 1885 Taylor, Richard (Reverend) 1845 Te Arawa petition 1891 Te Awha, Parore and Ngā Puhi petition 1882 , 1883 Te Tomo, Te Taite 1932 Tennet, Elizabeth 1990 Tirikatene, Eruera (1) 1932 , (2) 1932 , (3) 1932 , 1933 , 1938 , 1939 , 1960 Tirikatene-Sullivan, Whetu (1) 1974 , (2) 1974 , 1985 Tomoana, Henare 1893 Topeora, Rangi Kuini Wikitoria 1861 Tuhaere, Paora 1860 Tuwhare, Hone 1975 Te Heuheu Tukino, Tureiti 1898 Upton, Simon 1984 , 1990 Vercoe, Whakahuihui (Bishop) 1990 von Haast, H. F. 1934 Ward, Joseph (Sir) 1908 Warren, John (Reverend) 1863 Wetere, Koro 1984 Williams, Henry 1845 Young, Venn 1975   6 Pēpuere 1940 Viscount Galway Image: F-1324-1/1 © Image copyright conditions Viscount Galway KĀWANA-TIANARA O AOTEAROA  ‘Titiro ki te Rā. Ngā wā kei mua i te aroaro mō te iwi Māori. Ngā Whakaaro o Viscount Galway. Kotahitanga o ngā Iwi e Rua.’ [Upoko Niupepa]. Kua huihui mai tātou ki te tuhituhi i ngā kupu whakamutunga o tētahi whārangi hītori ka tukua ki te tangata kē, hei tuhinga tuatahi māna mō te rautau hou. …He rerekē rawa atu i ngā wā me ngā āhuatanga o te 100 tau ki muri, i mōhiotia ai e kore e eke ki te tiketiketanga āpōpō tonu, me te mōhio anō, arā ngā hapa i mahi nui te katoa ki te whakatikatika. Ko te whakaaro ia i roto i te 100 tau ka whakakāhore rawatia atu. I puta hoki te kōrero a Tā Āpirana Ngata mō ngā iwi kua ea ō rātou nawe, kua titiro whakamua aua iwi, kua mutu te titiro whakamuri. Ka inoi ia ki a rātou kia maumahara ki ngā kupu, “Me anga te titiro ki te rā e whiti mai nei, ka tau ai ngā ātārangi ki muri i a koe.” Ka titiro whakamuri ki ngā hītori o te 100 tau i muri i te hainatanga o Te Tiriti o  Waitangi, i piki ai te whakaaro Māori kua tāorotia e te mahi a te Pākehā kua nohonoho mai ki Aotearoa, ā, tēnei te iwi Māori te heke nei, kāore pea e tino pai ake ngā rā kei te tū mai. I taua wā, i te tau 1914, ka tūhono mai te iwi Māori ki te pakanga kia noho here kore ai ngā iwi o te ao. Ka piki te manahau me te manawaora ki roto i te iwi Māori, ā, ka hē noa iho ngā kupu whakaari o mua. Mai i tērā rā ki nāianei i hangaia tētahi kawenata hou, ehara i te Tiriti, engari he mea nō te manawa me te aroha i waenganui i te Māori me ō rātou hoa Pākehā. Nō te mutunga o te pakanga ka kitea kua pakari ake te iwi Māori, kua piki te manawanui. Mai i tērā wā kāore te iwi i titiro whakamuri. I piki anō te tokomaha o rātou, ā, ka whakaritorito anō te oranga o te iwi katoa ā ngā rā kei mua. [New Zealand Herald, 7 February 1940, reporting on the opening of a new wharenui (Māori meeting house) at Waitangi during the centennial of the Treaty of Waitangi.]     6 Pēpuere 1940 Apirana Ngata Image: ATL 35mm-00181-f-F © Image copyright conditions TĀ Apirana Ngata RANGATIRA O NGĀTI POROU, MEMA PĀREMATA MŌ TE TAI RĀWHITI (MINITA MŌ NGĀ TAKE MĀORI I MUA) ‘Tirohanga whakamua ki te Rautau Hou. He raruraru kei te toe tonu. He Inoi kia Aroha Mai [Upoko Niupepa]. Kāore au e mōhio ki tētahi tau i pēnei rawa te manawapā o te iwi Māori i tōna tatanga mai, i tēnei Tau o te Rautau. …Ina titiro whakamuri ka kite te Māori i te aha? Kua riro ngā whenua, kei raro te mana o ngā rangatira kei roto i te puehu e takoto ana, kua hora ngā pou o te ao Māori, kua pakaru. He aha kei te toe o ngā mea ātaahua i kōrerotia ake ai 100 tau ki muri? …He aha ngā mea i toe iho hei whakanui mā te Māori me te Pākehā, i tēnei huringa o te Rau Tau? Ko te mea nui pea i kitea ko te whakangungu o te mana i tukua atu ki a Kuini Wikitoria me ōna uri. Me i kore tēnei kua kore anō pea e noho mai he iwi Māori here kore i te rā nei, ki ōna whakaaro. Hei whakaaetanga hoki mō tēnei, ka tāpaetia e rātou ngā tētēkura o te iwi Māori mō te ope Māori i te pakanga. …I mua i te haerenga whakamua ki roto i te rau tau hou, ko te tino mahi nui mā te Kāwanatanga he muku atu i ngā raruraru o ngā tau 100 ki muri. No te whakatatūranga o te take mō ngā whenua raupatu o Taranaki, ka mutu te titiro whakamuri, ka tīmata te titiro whakamua. Waihoki ngā take mō ngā roto o Te Arawa, kua tīmata te titiro whakamua. Ka inoi rātou ki te Kāwanatanga kia huri mai ki te āwhina i a Waikato, i Te Waipounamu, i a Mātaatua, me ngā iwi o te Tai Tokerau kia whakamutua te titiro ki ngā hē o mua. Ka mauria e ngā Māori o te Tai Tokerau he paraikete whero hei kākahu mō rātou i te hui whakanui hei maumaharatanga ki ngā hē o ngā ‘surplus lands [i Te Tai Tokerau]. E inoi ana rātou kia whakatauria ēnei nawe, kia hīkoi tahi te Māori i runga i te ngākau pakari, i te taha o te iwi Pākehā. Ko tēnei mea te Tiriti o Waitangi he “kī taurangi nā te rangatira kī tahi,” ā, he kaha tonu tōna tutukinga i roto i ngā tau. Nō te māramatanga o te Māori tērā rātou e ōrite ki te Pākehā, kāore pea i mōhio ka ōrite anō te utu tāke mā rātou. Kātahi anō rātou ka mōhio ko te tikanga o te ōrite o te whiwhinga, kia ōrite te takohanga, ā, ka tīmata te rautau hou me te tuwhera anō o ngā whatu ki ngā takohanga i runga i a rātou. [New Zealand Herald, 7 February 1940.]     6 Pēpuere 1940 Peter Fraser Image: ATL 1/2-005062 © Image copyright conditions Peter Fraser PIRIMIA Kei te aroha atu ngā Pākehā o nāianei ki te iwi Māori, mō ngā hara me ngā pōhēhētanga i pā ki te Māori i te rau tau tuatahi o Aotearoa. Engari kāore he painga o te whakamau mō ngā hara o mua. …He pai kē atu, he tikanga tōtika kē atu, kia whakatikaina aua hapa, ā, he maha tonu ngā  whakatikanga kua oti kē. I te mutunga o te 100 rau tau ka kitea he tohu o te haerenga whakamua. …Ka whakahuatia e ia te Ope Rua Tekau mā Waru hei tauira o te manawanui o te Māori, rite tonu ki te iwi Pākehā, i āwhina rātou i te pakanga nui o te wā, he pakanga kia noho ora mai te whakatau ōrite, te tika me te noho pai o te tangata i tēnei ao. Mehemea ka pēnei te wairua i roto i a rātou me ngā whakatupuranga o muri i a rātou, tērā noa ake te ahunga whakamua, te noho pai me te harikoa o te rautau tuarua, i tō tērā kua hipa atu. [New Zealand Herald, 7 February 1940.]     6 Pēpuere 1940 Ko te waka Māori 'Ngātokimatawhaorua' i tōna  whakarewanga, i mua atu i ngā mahi o te rā whakanui i te rautau o te Tiriti o Waitangi, i te marama o Pēpuere 1940. Image: ATL 1/2-C-14058-F © Image copyright conditions KUPU WHAKAPUAKI, NEW ZEALAND HERALD I ngā rā nunui maha i whakanuia ai te rautau tuatahi o Aotearoa hei wāhi nō Ingarangi, kua kotahi mai te iwi Māori me te iwi Pākehā i runga i te harikoa. Mehemea kāore e pērā tā rātou mahi i Waitangi, kāore kē he kiko o te hui. Koirā te wāhi i hangaia te kawenata, i whakauru ai a Aotearoa hei wāhi mō te Emepaea o Ingarangi i runga i te rangimārie me te whakaaro pai. Ko te tino wā nui whakaharahara tērā. …ka mutu me te aha, ka piki te kaha o te taha i tautoko i tētahi Tiriti, ka hainatia, ka wātea hoki te huarahi mō te tukunga o ēnei moutere ki te Kuini, ka noho nei hei wāhanga o te Tominiana o Aotearoa. Engari kia tika te whakamahi i te kupu ‘tuku’. Kāore a Aotearoa i nanaohia, i tangohia rānei. I tukua kētia e te maha o ngā rangatira e te tini o ngā iwi, i taea hoki te whakapiri i ō rātou ingoa ki tētahi tiriti i āta tuhia mārire nei. He nui ngā kōrero kua whakaputaina i ngā rā nei mō te painga o te Tiriti o Waitangi hei taputapu ā-ture, mō tōna whakahōnoretanga e ngā iwi e rua, otirā mō ngā takahitanga e whakapaetia nei, o ngā rā o mua, o nākuanei hoki. Kia wareware tātou ki tērā. He pai ake te whiriwhiri i ngā hua o tēnei kawenata whakamīharo rawa o te noho tahi o tētahi iwi mātauranga me tētahi iwi iti te mātauranga ki ngā āhuatanga te ao. [New Zealand Herald, 6 February 1940.]       7 Pēpuere 1940 Ko Tā Apirana Turupa Ngata e hautū ana i te haka i ngā mahi whakanui i te rautau i te tau 1940, i Waitangi. Image: ATL MNZ-2746-1/2-F © Image copyright conditions KUPU WHAKAPUAKI, NEW ZEALAND HERALD Ko te āhua ia o tēnei taonga o te Tiriti, he mahi i whāia hei whakawhanaunga i ngā iwi e rua, mai i te tīmatanga. He pukapuka poto tonu, he mātāpono torowhānui torutoru anō ōna. Kore rawa e taea e te Tiriti ngā kaupapa maha, ngā kaupapa matatini i ara ake i muri i te nohonga mai o ngā iwi Pākehā, te whakariterite katoa. Te tikanga, ka wānangatia tēnā, tēnā kaupapa ina heipū mai. Ka noho ko te rau tau o ngā āhuatanga i whakahaeretia, me ngā tikanga i whakaritea, hei kahupapa pai tonu mō ngā iwi e rua, i roto i tō rātou noho tahi. [New Zealand Herald, 7 Pepuere 1940.]       3 Pēpuere 1940 Te Puea Herangi Image: ATL PAColl-5584-58 © Image copyright conditions Te Puea HĒrangi KAIĀRAHI O TE KĪNGITANGA, HE WAHINE WHAI MANA NŌ WAIKATO (E MŌHIOTIA NEI KO ‘PRINCESS TE PUEA’) Ka kī ia, i mea rātou mō te Social Security Act, mārama tonu te kite i te whakaaro whakahāwea o te Kāwanatanga ki te Kīngi Māori. Mehemea he rā whakanui tā te motu mō te Tiriti, kua huri wawe mai rāua ko tana irāmutu ki te whakauru ki ngā mahi i runga i te tautoko me te atawhai. Engari nā tētahi o ō rātou kaihautū ēnei āhuatanga i whakarāpopoto, e pā ana ki Waitangi, i tana kōrero: “He wā tēnei hei whakanuitanga mō te tini o ngā Pākehā me ngā iwi Māori kīhai i whakamamaetia i roto i te 100 tau ka hipa ake nei.” …i te kimi taunakitanga rātou mai i te Kāwanatanga, kia mōhio ai rātou ehara ngā kupu whakamihi ki te Kīngi me āna mahi i te whakapuaki noa. Ehara i te mea me menamena ngā ture kia taea ai tēnei whakawāteatanga [i te Ture e kīia nei te Social Security Act]. He tino uaua kia urutomo a Kīngi Koroki ki raro i te Social Security Act. Mehemea ka whakahau te Kāwanatanga kia pērā, hei whakaiti tonu tērā i a ia, he whakahoki tupu noa iho… Kua āhei pea te Kāwanatanga te tuku i tētahi wāhi iti… e mōhio ai te iwi Māori kāore te kīngi Māori i te parea ki tahaki, kia ngaro noa iho te ingoa, i tēnei wā nui o te hurihanga o te rautau. Kore tonu e kitea he rite i tētahi atu wāhi o te Emepaea, kia pēneitia tētahi tangata rite tonu ki a Kīngi Koroki te mana, i raro i ngā āhuatanga e whakaarotia ana e te Kāwanatanga hei mahi mā rātou. …Ki taku titiro kotahi anō te whāinga o te Kāwanatanga, koia tēnei, he tīkaro i ngā pou o te Māoritanga me ngā taonga nunui katoa e uaratia nei e te ngākau Māori. [New Zealand Herald, 3 February 1940, reporting on the absence of Waikato Māori from the forthcoming Treaty of Waitangi centennial celebrations, the cause being the government’s refusal to exempt King Koroki, the Māori King, from having to register under, and comply with, the terms of the Social Security Act.]     5 Pēpuere 1940 Ko Tā Apirana Turupa Ngata e hautū ana i te haka i ngā mahi whakanui i te rautau i te tau 1940, i Waitangi. Image: ATL MNZ-2746-1/2 © Image copyright conditions Reverend P. Moki TANGATA O TE HĀHI, NŌ TARANAKI Kāore te iwi Māori e whakapono ana ināianei ka huri mai te Kāwanatanga o Aotearoa ki te whakatikatika i ngā hapa o mua. …ahakoa i haere takitahi ētahi tāngata Māori o Taranaki ki Waitangi mō ēnei rā whakanui, ehara rātou i ngā kanohi whaimana o taua rohe. …Te tino take [i kore ai rātou e haere atu] he tohe nō rātou kāore i tika te whakatutuki i te Tiriti o Waitangi. Ko ngā iwi o Waikato me Taranaki… he iwi i raupatutia ō rātou whenua, i mea ai rātou kāore i tika te muru whenua, kāore hoki i hāngai ki raro i te Tiriti o Waitangi. Tata ki te 500,000 eka i murua i te rohe o Taranaki anake. Ka ngaro katoa ō rātou pā, ā rātou mahinga kai, me ngā urupā o ō rātou mātua tūpuna, whatungarongaro katoa. Ka tāmia i reira ngā iwi Māori i Waikato, ā, neke atu i te 750,000 eka o ō rātou whenua i murua. I kī te tini o te Pākehā i hokona katoatia atu ia eka, ia eka, o ngā whenua o Aotearoa... I tētahi tirohanga hohoro o te hītori o te rironga atu o ngā whenua Māori, ka kitea tērā te hia rau mano eka o ngā whenua Māori kīhai i hokona, kīhai hoki i utua he moni. Mō tēnei rima tekau tau, neke atu rānei, kua waipuketia te whare Pāremata e te tini o ngā pitihana Māori e inoi ana kia whakatikangia ngā hē. He nui tonu ēnei nawe i whakaaetia ki te tika, he ruarua noa i whakatikaina. [New Zealand Herald, 6 February 1940, reporting on the absence of Taranaki and Waikato iwi from the centennial celebrations at Waitangi.]     3 Pēpuere 1940 Frank Langstone Image: ATL 1/4-020047-F © Image copyright conditions Frank Langstone MINITA MŌ NGĀ TAKE MĀORI Kāore kau he whenua pēnei i te ao katoa mō te pai o ngā whakahaere [e pā ana ki ōna tāngata whenua], ā, ko tana pōuri kē kāore te tini o ngā tuākana Māori i mārama ki te hōhonutanga o ngā mahi papai kua mahia mō rātou. Kua riro kē ngā rā o mua. Kua tae mai a nāianei rangi. Kei mua tonu i a rātou te wā e tū mai nei, ā, kāore hoki te tangata e kaha ki te parau whakamua, me te titiro whakamuri tonu. [New Zealand Herald, 3 February 1940, reporting on the absence of Waikato Māori from the forthcoming Treaty of Waitangi centennial celebrations, the cause being the government’s refusal to exempt King Koroki, the Māori King, from having to register under, and comply with, the terms of the Social Security Act.] He tika tonu kia huihui tahi ngā tāngata o Aotearoa, ahakoa Māori, ahakoa Pākehā, kia whakakotahi, kia whakanui i te hainatanga o te kawenata nui i roto i te 100 tau ki muri… ko ngā kaumātua me ngā rangatira he mōhiotanga nui, he matakite hoki tō rātou, hei werowero i te ārai o ngā tau kei mua – i mōhio pū rātou ko te tinana ka noho i a rātou, engari ko te ata ka haere ki a Kuini Wikitoria… Kāore kau he whenua pēnei i te ao katoa mō te pai o ngā whakahaere, ā, ko taku pōuri kē kāore te tini o ngā tēina Māori i mārama ki te hōhonutanga o ngā mahi papai kua mahia mō rātou e mātou, ānō he tuakana e aroha ana ki tana teina.” [cited in Michael King, Te Puea. A Life, 1977, p.205. Langstone’s reference to “the shadow” acknowledged the words of Nopera Panakareao when signing the Treaty at Kaitaia in April 1840, although he reversed his metaphor in 1841; observing that the substance had gone and Māori retained but the shadow of the land.]       1939 Michael King Image: Dominion Post Collection, Alexander Turnbull Library © Image copyright conditions Michael King HE TUMU KŌRERO ONAMATA, E MATAPAKI ANA I TE WHAKAUTU A TE PUEA HĒRANGI ME ĒRĀ ATU TĀNGATA O TE KĪNGITANGA KI TE PAKANGA TUARUA O TE AO. E rua ngā kōrero matua [a Te Puea]: Ka huri a Waikato ki te āwhina i ngā mahi tauārai i Aotearoa, engari kāore i hiahia ki te haere ki te whawhai i tāwāhi, ā, ka whakahētia e ia te whakaurunga mai o te māpere [conscription]. Engari ina kōrero matatapu ia, ka kōrero hāngai kē ia i ōna whakaaro. “E kore a Waikato e haere ki te pakanga,” tana kī ki a Rumsden i te marama o Nōema [1939]. “Ki te hiahia ētahi o ngā taitama ki te haere e pai ana, me haere. Ko ērā kāore e hiahia ana ki te haere ka taea te āwhina atu…ki te taka kai.” Ko te nuinga o ngā pakeke o Waikato, ngā mōrehu o ngā tau 1917 me 1918, nā rātou i whakahē te māpere, i mārō kē atu te tū i tērā. Nō te tūnga ake o Tonga Mahuta ki te kawe i ngā whakaaro o Waikato kia rēhita mō te Home Guard, ka tū te rangatira nei a Te Kanawa i Tūrangawaewae, ko tana kōrero kia kaua rātou e hāpai rākau i te kāinga, i tāwāhi rānei: He aha te iwi Māori e huri ai ki te tiaki i tēnei whenua? …Ehara nō tātou te whenua ināianei. Kāore te iwi o Ingarangi e hiahia ki te whakatinana i tā rātou kupu rangatira… He aha e rerekē ai, ki te haere mai ngā Tiamana ki konei? Kua tangohia e ngā Ingarihi ō tātou whenua. Kua patua e rātou ā tātou wāhine me ā tātou tamariki kia mate. E mea ana rātou ko te Tiriti o Waitangi he rauhanga noa iho, kia whakapono ai te Māori ki ngā tāngata o Ingarihi me ā rātou kupu hōnore. [Michael King, Te Puea. A Life, 1977, pp. 206-207, referring to the attitude of the Waikato Māori leadership to enlisting during World War II.]     5 Pēpuere 1940 Ko Paraire Paikea (te tangata e tū ana) i te huritau 60 o Tahupōtiki Wiremu Rātana. Image: Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa A.005115 © Image copyright conditions Paraire Paikea MEMA PĀREMATA MŌ TE TAI TOKERAU Ka mahara ia koinei te wāhi i whakapūmautia ai te kotahitanga o te Māori rāua ko te Pākehā 100 tau ki muri. E kore e kitea he kanohi pai kē atu hei whakaahua i te piripono o te Māori ki te Emepaea tēnā i ngā tāngata kātahi anō ka tae mai. [New Zealand Herald, 6 February 1940, reporting the powhiri (traditional welcome) given to the 28th New Zealand (Māori) Battalion at Waitangi, after they were escorted there by a guard of honour formed by Māori returned soldiers from World War I, led by Eruera Tirikātene, Member of Parliament for Southern Māori.]     5 Pēpuere 1940 Major G. Bertrand Image: ATL PAColl-5927-33 © Image copyright conditions Major G. Bertrand TUMUAKI TUARUA, TE OPE MĀORI, ARĀ, TE OPE 28 Ka whakahoki ia i ngā mahara ki ngā oati i whakapūmautia ai i waenganui i te Māori me te Pākehā i Waitangi. Mehemea he pātai tā tētahi mō te kaha o te iwi Māori ki te whakatutuki i tāna takohanga, irā te whakautu, ko te hunga e tū ana ki muri i a ia. Kāore he mahi mā rātou i tua atu i te tuku i ō rātou tinana ki te iwi i hoatu ai te Māori i tā rātou kī taurangi ki a rātou. [New Zealand Herald, 6 February 1940, reporting the pōwhiri (traditional welcome) given to the 28th New Zealand (Māori) Battalion at Waitangi, after they were escorted there by a guard of honour formed by Māori returned soldiers from World War I, led by Eruera Tirikātene, Member of Parliament for Southern Māori.]       6 Pēpuere 1940 Apirana Ngata Image: ATL 35mm-00181-f-F © Image copyright conditions TĀ Apirana Ngata RANGATIRA O NGĀTI POROU, MEMA PĀREMATA MŌ TE TAI RĀWHITI (MINITA MŌ NGĀ TAKE MĀORI I MUA) Ko ngā tāne i hoki mai… ngā tāne hoki nāna i tuhi mai i ngā hōpuni mauhere i Taimana me Itari… ngā tamatoa nāna i tuhituhi ā rātou kupu ōhāki ki ngā one o Āwherika ki ō rātou mātua, ki ō rātou whaiāipo i te hinganga, he rite tonu te tuhituhi mō tētahi taonga kua kitea e rātou i aua whenua whakamīharo, koia tēnei, ko tō rātou Māoritanga. Kāore hoki e tika kia kīiia tēnei he āhuatanga ā-momo iwi anake.  Tērā tētahi āpiha, he tino toa tauā, i taotū, ka whakahokia ki te kāinga. Ka haere ki tētahi pōwhiri ki a rātou ko ana hoa i Ngāti Pōneke. “I reira kātahi anō au ka mārama ko taku tino iho, ko taku taha Māori. Kua hoki mai au me te oati kia tino whakapakaritia tōku taha Māori.” ….Mai i ngā tūpāpaku tuatahi i Kirihi me Kiriti, kua tangihia tīkapatia ō rātou mate e te iwi Māori. …I ngā kāinga me ngā marae maha ko auē, ko ngākau tangi, ko roimata me hūpē ngā kai, i pakaru tahi mai ai te pātai i te whatumanawa o te Māori: “He aha te take i hoatu ai ā tātou tama i ō ratou tinana kia mate pēnei?” He aha te hua ka puta o ēnei mamaetanga nui? Ka taea te hua te tātai, kia mārama tonu te nui o taua hua? Kāore te Māori i āta tukua ki mua rawa i tērā o ngā pakanga; kāpā ia i whakaarotia ehara i te hōia tōtika, ehara i te hōia matatau rānei ki tana mahi, engari i kī ngā kaiwhakahaere me whakangungu te iwi Māori i te kōhuru o te pae o te pakanga, me te tīkarotanga o āna tamariki rangatira e te aituā. I tēnei pakanga ko tana inoi kia tukua ia ki mua rawa, ā, i tēnei wā kua whakaaetia rawatia. E pono ana tana kōrero he tino tangata ia mō tana whenua? Mehemea āe, ko tana inoi kia pērā anō te manaaki a tōna whenua i a ia. Kia kitea he painga i te mura o te ahi, te tikanga, kua whai wāhi taua painga ki te hohou rongo hei ā taihoa. Kua kitea e ngā toa o te Ope o Aotearoa i ēnei pūmanawa i raro iho i te kiri parauri o ō rātou hoa Māori. Kua mārama ngā tāngata o Aotearoa, tāne mai, wāhine mai, ki ngā āhuatanga hou ka ara ake i te whakakotahitanga mai o te Pākehā me te Māori i tēnei whakaahuatanga tino nui rawa, o te tangata pono ki tōna whenua, i ēnei tau? [Apirana Ngata, The Price of Citizenship (an account of the 28th New Zealand (Māori) Battalion and of the life of Te Moananui-a-Kiwa Ngārimu, the Ngāti Porou and Te Whānau-a-Apanui member of the Battalion posthumously awarded the Victoria Cross in 1943), 1943, pp.17-18.]     22 Māehe 1944 Rangiputangatahi Mawhete Image: ATL 1/2-174860-G © Image copyright conditions Rangiputangatahi MĀwhete RANGITĀNE, MEMA NŌ TE KAUNIHERA O TE TURE Ka tae ahau ināianei ki ngā nawe kei te toe mai, o te iwi Māori, i whakahuatia ake nei i roto i te Kauwhau. Ka hoki ēnei nawe ki te tau 1848, ko te pūtake kei ngā pakanga o te iwi Māori me ngā murunga i ō rātou whenua. …I waenganui i te tau 1920 me te tau 1927, ka tohua e te Kāwanatanga o aua rā tētahi Roera Komihana hei wherawhera i aua take. …Kua puta i te Kāwanatanga nei tana hiahia kia whakatatūria ngā take tawhito, arā, ngā mea rā ka taea e ia, nā, ki te taea e ia ka heke te matakana o te iwi Māori o ngā rā o mua ki ngā whakaritenga whakawā o Ingarangi. …Ko ētahi o aua take kua whitu tekau mā rua tau e noho tārewa ana. …E hiahia ana au ki te whakaputa kōrero mō te whakamananga, e kauwhautia nei, i te Ture Matua o Westminster. Ko te whakaaro o te tokomaha, ahakoa kei roto, kei waho o te Whare Pāremata, e kore tēnei e whakapā atu ki ngā kaupapa me ngā whakaritenga o te Tiriti o Waitangi. …Ahakoa kua tōia mai te Tiriti o Waitangi ki roto ki ētahi o ngā ture o te Whare Pāremata ehara te Tiriti i te wāhi noa o ngā ture ā-kāinga o tēnei whenua. …He āhuatanga rerekē anō tēnei, ā, kāore au i te mārama he aha e pēnei nei. …Mā te whakamananga o te Ture Matua o Westminster ka aukatihia pea ngā tono a te iwi Māori ki te Privy Council. Ki taku titiro me āta whakamārama tēnei kaupapa kia mōhio ai te iwi Māori ki te wāhi e tū ana ki hea, mō tēnei kaupapa. Ki te whakapau kaha te Kāwanatanga kia kaua ai e takahia ngā motika o te iwi Māori i raro i te Tiriti o Waitangi, ka koa mātou mō tērā. …Ko te Tiriti o Waitangi te rārangi motika matua o te iwi Māori, nā, ko tō mātou hiahia ia kia whakamanaia te Tiriti, arā, te katoa, kāpā mō tēnei whakatupuranga o tō tātou iwi anake, engari mō ngā whakatupuranga e tū mai nei. [New Zealand Parliamentary Debates, Volume 264, pp.486-487. Address in Reply debate, in which the Treaty implications of the proposed adoption of the Statute of Westminster are raised, as are long-standing Māori land claims.]     13 Tīhema 1944 Frank Langstone Image: ATL 1/4-020047-F © Image copyright conditions Frank Langstone MEMA PĀREMATA MŌ WAIMARINO, MINITA MĀORI O MUA He āhua rite tonu, he whai tikanga kē atu rānei ngā take o ngā iwi Māori o Te Ika a Māui i ō Ngāi Tahu. I a au e mahi ana hei Minita Māori i whakamomori au ki te kawe whakamua i ngā pānga me te oranga ā-pāpori, ā-ōhanga o te iwi Māori. …Ahakoa he kaha ake ētahi o te iwi Māori, taipakeke nei, i a mātou ki te titiro whakamuri, ko te nuinga o te iwi he mārama kē atu te titiro ki ēnei take. Māku e kī ake kāore kau he iwi mātau kē atu i ngā tāngata o Aotearoa ki te whakawhanaunga atu ki te iwi taketake o tō rātou whenua. Ahakoa ngā tini hapa o mua, ahakoa ngā whakaaro pōhēhē, ngā tūkinotanga me ērā atu mahi hē o roto i ngā tau, e mea ana au ko Aotearoa anake te whenua e tino mōhio ana ki te manaaki i tōna iwi taketake. …E hiahia ana mātou kia whakamutua te kauwhau a te iwi Māori i ngā mahi o mua. E kore e taea e mātou te titiro tonu ki muri; kāore e taea te mahara i ngā āhuatanga o te ono tekau tau ki muri. Ko ahau tēnei e kī nei, me i tāhaetia te koti o taku koroua e ono tekau, e waru tekau rānei ki muri, kua kore au e pēnei kua tino takahia au, arā kia tino kino te hē... He nui rawa te aroha ā-kiri, kāore ēnei whakaaro i te noho pūmau mai ki tēnei ao, kei te kāewa noa.  …Kua oti te iwi Māori te tiaki i ngā taha katoa e te Kāwanatanga o Ingarangi me te nohonga mai o te iwi o Ingarangi i tēnei whenua, ā, ko te tini o ō rātou nawe, ehara i te tino mea whaikiko, he pohewa noa. [New Zealand Parliamentary Debates, Volume 267, pp.758-759. Debate of the Ngāi Tahu Claim Settlement Bill. The North Island claim referred to involves ‘surplus land’ that passed to the Crown as a result of its resolution of pre-Treaty land dealings.]       13 Tīhema 1944 Leonard George Lowry in 1938 Image: ATL PA1-o-1190-35 © Image copyright conditions L. G. Lowry MEMA PĀREMATA MŌ ŌTAKI Kāore au i te whakaae ki te mema hōnore mō Waimarino [Langstone] i tana kōrero mō tētahi hara tērā pea i tūkinotia ai tana koroua i mua – he koti i whānakotia pea – kua ea pea taua hara i te nui o ngā taputapu hou, taputapu pūtaiao, taputapu o ngā whenua mātauranga o te ao, kei roto i ana ringaringa. Tērā noa ake te rerekē o te tāhae whenua i te tāhae koti ua – he homaitanga tētahi nā Rangi rāua ko Papa, he homaitanga tētahi nā ngā mahi a te ringaringa. …Ko taku tūmanako ia kia whakaaetia wawetia ēnei āhuatanga, e tae moata mai ai te wā e mauru ai te ngākau nanawe o te iwi Māori, e kore ai hoki e kitea ēnei pitihana ki mua i a mātou. [New Zealand Parliamentary Debates, Volume 267, p.760. Lowry’s remarks were in response to those of Langstone; see above.]     1945 Ko Tahupōtiki Wiremu Rātana e kauwhau ana i ngā tikanga o te iwi Mōrehu i Taupō i te takiwā o ngā tau 1920 -1930. Image: ATL 1/2-089569-F © Image copyright conditions RĪPOATA MŌ TE PITIHANA A TAHUPŌTIKI WIREMU RĀTANA ME ĒTAHI ATU TĀNGATA 45,000 KOMITI O TE WHARE PĀREMATA MŌ NGĀ TAKE MĀORI Me tuku atu ēnei pitihana ki te Kāwanatanga, me te tohutohu ki a rātou kia pānuitia whānuitia te Tiriti o Waitangi hei maumaharatanga tapu mō te hainatanga e Kāwana Hopihona me ngā kanohi o te iwi Māori, kia whakairia atu tēnei maumaharatanga i ngā kura katoa puta noa i te Tominiana me ngā huihuinga Māori katoa. Hei whakamaumaharatanga tēnei ki ngā mahi mutunga mai o te manawanui o te iwi Māori mō te Tōpūtanga o ngā Whenua Whai Whanaungatanga ki Ingarangi i ngā pakanga e rua o te ao, hei wāhi o ngā mahi whakanui i te rongomau, hei whakapūmau hoki i te whakahoatanga o te Māori me te Pākehā. [AJHR, 1945, I-3, p.9. The petition thus reported in 1945 on had been filed in 1932 (see above) and had called for the Treaty of Waitangi to be embodied in law.]     Oketopa 1953 Whina Cooper Image: ATL PA7-15-18 © Image copyright conditions Whina Cooper HE WAHINE NŌ TE RARAWA, TUMUAKI O TE RŌPŪ WĀHINE MĀORI TOKO I TE ORA I wātea anō te Kāwanatanga ki te tuku i ngā tikanga me ngā whakariterite ki te iwi Māori kia taea ai e rātou te whakarite i te pōwhiri Māori. Nā te iti o te wā e wātea ana, e kore e taea te whakarite pōwhiri Māori tōtika ki te Kuini. …He rerekē anō pea ngā āhuatanga o te Māori i ō rātou hoa Pākehā e puta ai tō rātou aroha me tō rātou piripono. …ka whakakāhoretia e te Kāwanatanga ngā kupu katoa e hiahia ai te iwi Māori ki te whakapuaki ki te Kuini. …ka hiahia pea te iwi Māori kia āhei te iwi te inoi ki te Kuini kia huri mai ki te hāpai i ngā whakaritenga katoa o te Tiriti o Waitangi kia tino mana ai. …i 'parairetia’ ngā kaiārahi o te iwi Māori e te Kāwanatanga, kāore i tukua kia tū ake ki te whakapuaki i ō rātou whakaaro. …ehara tēnei i te tikanga Māori. Kia tika ai te kī, he maioha i runga i te piripono, me ahu mai ngā mihi i te ngākau, kia kaua e tāmia te kōrero e wai rānei. …e tika ana kia whakaputaina he kōrero mō te wā me te takiwā i hainatia ai te Tiriti o Waitangi ki te Kuini, nā te mea ko Waitangi kē te wāhi i tukua ai e te iwi Māori te mana matua ki a Kuini Wikitōria, ki te tipuna wahine tuatoru o te Kuini o ēnei rā. …Mehemea kāore e taea te whakaputa kōrero mō te Tiriti o Waitangi, ka noho hei kinonga i roto i te hinengaro Māori mō te hia tau, rite tonu ki te āhua o tōna mana kore, e ai ki ngā whakatau, i ēnei tau nei. [Northern Advocate, 6 October 1953, reporting on what the Māori Women’s Welfare League said were government restrictions on the pōwhiri (traditonal greeting) planned by Māori for the visit of Queen Elizabeth II to Waitangi in late 1953, and the organisation’s criticism of Māori being represented there by Minister of Māori Affairs Corbett, who had also represented Māoridom at the Queen’s 1953 coronation.]     Oketopa 1953 Ko Hone Heke Rankin i Waitangi, e tuku nei i te mere mana nui ki te Pirimia ki a Sidney Holland, māna hei tuku ki a Kuini Irihāpeti II. Image: PAColl-0785-1-025-11 © Image copyright conditions Hone Heke Rankin RANGATIRA NŌ NGĀPUHI E mea ana mātou kua takahia tō mātou mana. Ko te tangata nāna te wāhi nui o te hē ko Corbett, [te Minita o ngā Take Māori], nā te mea koia nei anake te tangata i whakakāhore i tētahi āwhina kia tukua mai… Te āhua nei ko Holland [te Pirimia] rāua ko Holyoake i hiahia ngātahi kia eke te hui i Waitangi ki tōna teitei, kia noho ai hei hui mana nui o ngā iwi torowhānui, e puta ai te ihi, te wehi me te wana, i tēnei tau nui whakaharahara. E mea ana au ko tō tātou piripono ki te Karauna, otirā ki te wahine nei ki te Kuini kāore e whakangāueuetia ahakoa ki hea...Otiia, ka huihui mātou, takimano i te huihui mai, ki Waitangi, ka kitea tō mātou aroha me tō mātou piripono, engari te āhua nei ināianei kua kore mātou e tūtaki ki a ia i te papa tonu i hainatia ai te Tiriti o Waitangi. …Kāore kē he aha e kore ai tātou i te waiata o Te Motu, me te whakaputa i ā tātou haka. Ki te whakatū ia [i tōna waka] ka waiatatia he waiata pōwhiri. …E kī ana a Corbett ko Waitangi te wāhi i whānau ai a Aotearoa hei whenua whai mana, ahakoa koia te tangata e whiua nei te kōrero mōna, kei te eke tikanga ia, kei te tāhae i te tūranga ariki o ngā iwi Māori o Aotearoa [i a ia ka tū hei māngai mō te iwi Māori i mua i te Kuini]. Kia kī ake tātou, koia nei te kōhanga i whānau ai tō tātou whenua. [Northern Advocate, 17 October 1953, reporting on the Māori response to the government’s decision not to fund a Māori reception for the Queen at Waitangi during her 1953 tour. The item noted that John Grace, Private Secretary to the Minister of Internal Affairs, had made it clear that the refusal could be directly attributed to the fact that Mrs Whina Cooper, Dominion president of the 3,000-strong Māori Women’s Welfare League, had spoken out in Whangārei earlier in the month about Māori disappointment at the government’s arrangements for the Waitangi visit.] © 2005 - 2006. 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