Te Ahu o te Reo He Pūrongo Poto mō Ōtautahi Te Ahu o te Reo He Pūrongo Poto mō Ōtautahi He mea tuhi nā Nicola Bright, Maraea Hunia, Basil Keane me Lynne Harata Te Aika me Rachel Felgate, Cathy Wylie He mea tuhi tēnei pūrongo mō te hapori e te Rangahau Mātauranga o Aotearoa i mahi tahi me Te Whare Wānanga o te Ūpoko o te Ika a Māui. Rangahau Mātauranga o Aotearoa Pouaka Poutāpeta 3237 Te Whanganui-a-Tara Aotearoa www.nzcer.org.nz ISBN 978-0-947509-71-2 © NZCER & Te Taura Whiri i te Reo Māori 2017 III Ngā kōrero o roto He mihi V He kupu whakataki 1 He kupu arataki 2 He tino kōrero 4 He kaupapa kōrero 9 He kōrero nō Ōtautahi 10 He meka 13 V He mihi Papaki kau ana ngā tai o Mahaanui, e rere ana a Roimata me Hupe mō ō tātou pou reo kua hinga i ngā tau o mua, ngā pōua, ngā taua, nāia te tangi, nāia te matapōrehu mō koutou. Ko ngā mate tuatinitini, tuamanomano o te wā, hanatu rā koutou ki te kāinga wairua i te rangi, ki te kāinga tūturu o te tangata, okioki mai rā. Ko tātou te hunga ora, ngā kaikawe o te reo me ōna tikanga nei rā te whakamiha ki a koutou. Tēnei te mihi o Ngāi Tūāhuriri, Ngāi Tahu whānui ki a koutou ngā whānau reo Māori o Ōtautahi i tautoko i tēnei kaupapa Te Ahu o te Reo. He kaupapa whakahirahira e mātai ana i te ora o te reo Māori i te hapori nei i Ōtautahi. 1 He kupu whakataki Te Ahu o te Reo Ko te 2015 te tau, ka tuku kirimana Te Taura Whiri i te Reo Māori ki Te Kaunihera Rangahau Mātauranga o Aotearoa (NZCER) me tōna kāhui rangahau kaupapa Māori, a Te Wāhanga, kia rangahautia ai te ora o te reo Māori i ngā kāinga me ngā hapori. Ko te whāinga, he tūhura e pēhea ana tā ngā whānau whakahoki mai anō i te reo Māori hei reo toiora, hei reo toitū, hei reo whakawhitiwhiti māori noa i ngā kawenga o ia rā. I rangahaua ngā hapori e iwa: Kaitāia, Matawaia, Te Uru o Tāmaki, Tāmaki Makaurau ki te Tonga, Tauranga Moana, Rūātoki, Te Wairoa, Taranaki, me Ōtautahi. Ko te whāinga whānui, he whakawhānui ake i te mōhiotanga mō ēnei e whai ake nei. • Ko hea ngā wāhi kōrerotia ai te reo Māori? • E pēhea ana te kaha o te kōrero Māori? • Ko wai mā kei te kōrero Māori, ki a wai? • He aha ngā kaupapa e kawea ana ki te reo Māori? • He aha ngā take e kōrerotia ai te reo Māori i ētahi wāhi/horopaki, kāore rānei e kōrerotia i ētahi wāhi/horopaki? • He aha atu anō ngā mea e hiahiatia ana hei tautoko i ngā hapori me ngā whānau kia kōrero i te reo Māori? Tērā te pūrongo whānui1 e tirohia ai ngā rangahau katoa i roto i ngā hapori e iwa. Waihoki, e iwa ngā pūrongo hapori e tirohia ai te rangahau i tēnā hapori, i tēnā hapori. Te pūrongo mō Ōtautahi Tuatahi, mā ngā tāngata o Ōtautahi tēnei pūrongo, ā, e whakaata ana i ngā kōrero i tukuna mai e ngā whānau me ngā pou reo (ngā kaiārahi, ngā kaihāpai i te reo Māori i te hapori) mō te ora o te reo Māori i roto i te hapori me tōna hiranga ki ngā whānau o Ōtautahi. E rima ngā wāhanga o te pūrongo nei. Tuatahi, He kupu arataki, ki reira ka kōrero a Lynne Harata Te Aika mō te āhua o te rangahau me ngā tāngata nā rātau i homai ngā kōrero. Tuarua, He tino kōrero ka hora i ngā kitenga rangahau ka whakautu i ngā pātai a Te Taura Whiri i te Reo Māori. Whai muri ka tirohia ētahi kōrero ka whakaurua ki te ariā ZePA.2 Ko te tuatoru, He kaupapa kōrero, ko te tuawhā, He kōrero nō Ōtautahi. Hei reira, ka kōrerohia he āhuatanga mō te reo Māori i tēnei wā. Ko te wāhanga whakamutunga He meka. Ka whakanikonikohia ngā kitenga rangahau e ngā kupu a ngā tāngata o te hapori. 1 Hutchings, J., Higgins, R., Bright, N., Keane, B., Olsen-Reeder, V., & Hunia, M. (2017). Te Ahu o te Reo | Te reo Māori in homes and communities: Overview report | He tirohanga whānui. Wellington: NZCER. 2 Higgins, R., Rewi, P., & Olsen-Reeder, V. (2014). The Value of the Māori Language: Te Hua o te Reo Māori. Wellington: Huia Publishers. 2 He kupu arataki Te āhua o te rangahau Ko tō mātou ahunga mō te rangahau nei, he ahunga whakanui i ngā hua, he taki i te paki o te hauora o tō mātou reo me te āhua o te poipoia o te reo e ngā ngutu o te hapori i ēnei rā. Mai i te tīmatanga tonu, i whai wāhi mai ngā rangatira me ngā kaihautū o ngā iwi. He mea inoi rātou kia tautoko mai, kia āwhina mai anō hoki ki te whakatakoto i ngā tikanga whakahaere mō te mahi rangahau nei ki roto o Ōtautahi. Inā hoki, kei te tautoko mai, te kore rānei e tautoko, te oranga, te hinganga rānei o te kaupapa. Mokori anō i whiria he taura kaha ki ngā mana whenua, ki a Ngāi Tūāhuriri, ki a Ngāi Tahu, otirā ki ngā pou reo o ērā atu mātāwaka. Ko tā rātou, he tū hei taumatua mō mātou, he tautohu, he whakapā atu hoki ki ngā whānau kōrero Māori o te hapori. Ngā kairangahau I a mātou ka kōwhiri i ngā kairangahau hapori, i whiriwhiria tō rātou matatau ki te reo Māori, ō rātou wheako mahi tahi ki ngā whānau Māori, me tō rātou mōhio ki ngā hapori whāiti kei Ōtautahi e noho ana, he kōrero Māori tonu aua hapori. Tokorua ngā kairangahau i kōwhiria, ko Te Pononga Tamati-Eliffe rāua ko Rhea Waretini. He mātua āhua tamariki tonu nō nā tata nei tō rāua puta pai i ētahi hōtaka rumaki reo Māori. Nā ō rāua wheako, ko tō rāua mārama ki te āhua o te whakatupuranga kōrero Māori e āhua rangatahi tonu ana. Kua maha ngā tau e kawe ana te kairangahau matua i ngā mahi whakaako, ngā mahi whakaora reo, me ngā kaupapa rumaki reo Māori o te ao mātauranga i te hapori, i waenganui anō hoki i te iwi. Me mihi ka tika te hunga whakahaere i te Kotahi Mano Kāika (KMK) i Te Rūnanga o Ngāi Tahu, nāna i āwhina ki te tautohu i ētahi whānau o roto mai i ngā iwi o konei, o ngā mātā waka anō, e rua neke atu rānei ngā whakatupuranga kei tēnā, kei tēnā o aua whānau. He mea tāpiri ētahi pātai mā te hapori ake, e kitea ai te mōhio o te hapori ki ngā kaupapa reo e kawea ana e Ngāi Tahu i raro i a KMK. Te kōwhiri i te hunga kōrerorero I mātua tautohua ko ngā pou reo, ko rātou nei ngā tino kaiarataki, kaikōkiri i te reo Māori i te hapori, kia mōhiotia ai ō rātou whakaaro ki te ora o te reo Māori, ka tahi, kia pai ai tā rātou āwhina ki te tautohu whānau kia uiuia, ka rua. Nō ngā whakatupuranga e rua ngā pou reo. Ko te tuatahi, ko te hunga ko tō rātou matatau e pērā ana me te tangata i tipu ake ki te reo, ā, e 65 tau nui ake te pakeke o te nuinga o ēnei. Ko te hunga tuarua, i ako tuarua i te reo, kei te 35-50 tau te taipakeke, ā, kua whakapakeke i ā rātou tamariki kia noho ai ko te reo Māori tō rātou nā reo tuatahi. Ko ngā pou reo e whitu nei, nō te ao rapu mātauranga ki te ara rumaki reo Māori, nō ngā iwi, nō te ao pāpāho, nō ngā whare mātauranga pae tuatoru. Ko ngā iwi nō reira mai ngā pou reo, ko Ngāi Tahu, ko 3 Ngāti Porou, ko Ngāpuhi me Tainui. I tū ngā uiuinga ki te kāinga, ki te wāhi mahi, ki te marae anō. Nā ngā uiuinga i ngā pou reo, ko tētahi whakaahua whānui o ngā mahi whakahauora i te reo Māori i Ōtautahi i roto i ngā tau, i roto anō i ngā whakatupuranga e toru, e whā pea taka mai ki ēnei rā. I puta anō hoki he tino kōrero e whakamārama ana i ngā nekeneke taha reo i te hapori me te whāngaitanga o te reo e tētahi whakatupuranga ki tētahi i te hapori me te kāinga. E 80 ngā tāngata i patapataihia – e 41 he wāhine, e 39 he tāne. Ko tētahi haurua he whakapapa Ngāi Tahu ō rātou. Ko tērā atu haurua, nō ngā iwi maha. Ko tētahi haurua o taua 80 tāngata, kāore anō kia 40 ngā tau. Ko ētahi āhuatanga nui i ārahi i a mātou ki te kōwhiri i ngā whānau e whai ake nei: • Ko te kōrero Māori a ētahi whakatupuranga e rua, neke atu rānei, tētahi ki tētahi, o roto i te whānau. • Ko ētahi o te whānau kei ngā taumata reo Māori o waenga, o runga rānei e haere ana. I uiuia anō hoki ētahi kei ngā pae tīmatanga o te ako i te reo, i te mea kei roto tēnei momo i ētahi o ngā whānau kōrero Māori i uiuia. Te wheako rangahau He nui te māramatanga i tau i te kawenga ake o te mahi rangahau nei. Mai i ngā whakatupuranga e toru i uiuia, ka takoto he puna raraunga haumako tonu mō te tāmitanga me te whakaoranga ake o te reo i ētahi whānau, otirā i te hapori nui tonu. I kōrero mai te hunga i uiuia mō ngā ara e wātea ana hei ako i te reo, ngā āhuatanga ka whakamāmā me ngā āhuatanga ka whakauaua i te ako. I whākina mai ō rātou kōrero whaiaro mō te āritarita, te oke nui a ngā whānau ki te whakatūhauora i te reo hei reo kōrerorero, hei taumatua e tū pakari anō ai tō rātou tuakiri Māori i te horopaki o te tāone nui. Ko te rōpū matua i uiuia, he mātua, he kaumātua i ako i te reo Māori hei reo tuarua; tokoiti nei te hunga ko te reo Māori tō rātou reo ūkaipō, ā, kua hipa atu i te 65 ō rātou tau. Tērā anō tētahi rōpū iti ake i ako tuarua mai i te reo, ko rātou anō ētahi e āta hautū ana i ngā kaupapa whakaora reo i te hapori. He autaia anō te tokomaha o te taiohi i waenganui i te hunga i uiuia. Ko tētahi tino kōrero i puta ake i a rātou, me pārekareka, me hāngai te reo ki ō rātou nā hiahia, hāunga anō ngā hiahia, ngā tūmanako o ō rātou mātua me ō rātou kaumātua. He whakaahua kapo noa tēnei rangahautanga o ētahi whānau kei te hapori kōrero Māori o Ōtautahi. I uia he tāngata nō ngā whakatipuranga e toru, ā, ko te kōrero i mataaho tonu te puta, e ora ana, e kōrerotia ana te reo. I kōrero mai rātou mō te īnati o ngā whakapaunga kaha mō te oranga ake o te reo Māori i Ōtautahi te kaupapa i te 30 tau neke atu ka taha, i te taha o ngā kaupapa ā-motu, me ērā atu kaupapa ā-rohe. Kāore i ārikarika te kōkiri a Ngāi Tahu i te 15 tau ka taha i ngā kaupapa whakapakari reo Māori, e tū mai ai he kaikōrero matatau ki te reo Māori, mā roto i tāna whakatinana haere i te rautaki Kotahi Mano Kāika. Engari ka paheke tonu pea te reo ki te kore ngā reanga tamariki e hāpai tonu i ngā mahi i tīmataria i mua e whawhai ana mō te reo, e whakatakoto mahere ana mō te reo, ā, ki te kore rātou e ngākau āritarita, e pukutohe ki te whakatipu i ā rātou ake tamariki kia kōrero Māori. Nō reira, nei rā te owha ki ngā whānau reo Māori o Ōtautahi, kia kamakama, kia kurapa. Mā koutou, mā tātou te reo ka ora! Tēnā koutou, tēnā koutou, tēnā koutou katoa. Lynne Harata Te Aika He kupu arataki 4 He tino kōrero Ko ngā kōrero i raro nei te whakarāpopototanga o ngā kōrero i hua ake i ngā uiuinga o ngā whānau i te hapori o Ōtautahi. Ko wai mā kei te kōrero Māori, ki a wai? E 54 ngā pakeke, e 26 ngā tamariki i patapataihia i Ōtautahi. Katoa rātou kei te kaupapa o te reo Māori e hoe ana, arā, he kōrero Māori rānei, e tautoko ana rānei i ētahi atu he kōrero Māori. Mai i raro iho i te 10 tau ki runga ake o te 65 tau te pakeke o te hunga nei. I waenganui i ō rātou whānau, he nui ake te tūpono kōrero Māori a ngā pakeke ki ā rātou tamariki, ō rātou whaea, me ō rātou hoa rangatira. He kaha ake te kōrero Māori a ngā tamariki ki ō rātou mātua, ki ō rātou tēina, tuākana, tuāhine, tungāne, me ō rātou kaumātua. Ka kōrero Māori anō ngā mātua me ngā tamariki ki ō rātou hoa kōrero Māori me ētahi atu tāngata e mōhio ana rātou, engari i ētahi wā noa iho. I te marae, ko te nuinga o ngā kōrerorero i waenganui i ngā whakatupuranga e rua, neke atu rānei, i ngā mea rānei o te whakatupuranga kotahi, he ranunga o te reo Māori me te reo Pākehā. Ko tā ngā mātua i kite ai, he paku kaha ake te tūpono kei te reo Māori te katoa, te nuinga rānei o ngā kōrero i waenganui i ngā pakeke me ngā tamariki, tēnā i ētahi atu rōpū e rua. E kōrerotia ana te reo Māori i hea? E noho ana te nuinga o ngā pakeke me ngā tamariki ki ngā kāinga ko te reo Māori me te reo Pākehā, ko te reo Māori rānei me tētahi atu reo, e rere ana i reira. Tekau mā toru ngā pakeke, tekau mā whā ngā tamariki i mea mai ko te reo Māori te reo kōrero matua i ō rātou kāinga. Tokotoru ngā pakeke, tokoono ngā tamariki e whai pānga ana ki tētahi atu kāinga. Ā, o roto i ēnei, kotahi te pakeke, e rua ngā tamariki i tohu mai ko te reo Māori te reo kōrero matua i taua kāinga tuarua. Ko te nuinga o rātou i mea mai ko te reo Māori te reo matua i ō rātou kāinga, i mea mai kei te kōrerotia anō hoki te reo Pākehā, tētahi atu reo rānei i reira.   I te hapori, ko te Kura Kaupapa Māori te wāhi i tino kaha ai te kōrerotia o te reo, whai i muri i tērā ko te whānuitanga atu o ngā whaitua rapu mātauranga, ko te marae, me ētahi atu wāhi. He pēhea te kaha, te rahi o te kōrero? Ko tōna rua hautoru o ngā pakeke me ngā tamariki i uiuia i mea mai he pai, he pai rawa atu rānei tō rātou mōhio ki te kōrero, ki te tuhi, tae atu ki te whakarongo me te pānui i runga i te mārama. He tokomaha ake ngā pakeke he pai, he pai rawa atu rānei tā rātou whakarongo, pānui hoki, tēnā i te tokomaha he pai, he pai rawa atu rānei tā rātou kōrero me tā rātou tuhi. Ko te nuinga o ngā tamariki i mea mai he pai, he pai rawa atu rānei tā rātou kōrero, tuhi, whakarongo, pānui anō hoki i te reo Māori. 5 TŪTOHI 1 Te kaha o ngā pakeke ki te kōrero, ki te tuhi, ki te whakarongo, ki te pānui i te reo Māori Ngā pūkenga taha whakaputa reo Ngā pūkenga taha mārama ki te reo Kōrero Tuhi Whakarongo Pānui He pai rawa atu 16 18 21 20 He pai 19 18 21 22 He āhua pai 12 9 9 10 Kāore i tino pai 7 7 3 2 Kāore i tua atu i ētahi kupu noa iho, ētahi kīanga rānei 0 1 0 0 TŪTOHI 2 Te kaha o ngā tamariki ki te kōrero, ki te tuhi, ki te whakarongo, ki te pānui i te reo Māori Ngā pūkenga taha whakaputa reo Ngā pūkenga taha mārama ki te reo Kōrero Tuhi Whakarongo Pānui He pai rawa atu 10 10 13 13 He pai 8 10 8 10 He āhua pai 7 5 4 2 Kāore i tino pai 1 1 1 1 Kāore i tua atu i ētahi kupu noa iho, ētahi kīanga rānei 0 0 0 0 Tekau mā tahi ngā pakeke, e 26 ngā tamariki i mea mai e pai ana ki a rātou te rahi o te reo Māori e kōrerotia ana e rātou i ā rātou mahi o ia rā. E 40 ngā pakeke, 11 ngā tamariki i mea mai kāore i te eke te rahi o tā rātou kōrero Māori ki te tērā e wawatatia ana e rātou. Kotahi te pakeke, kotahi anō te tamaiti kāore i tino mōhio mehemea e pai ana ki a rātou, kāore rānei. He aha ngā kaupapa e kawea ana ki te reo Māori? He mea ui atu ngā pakeke me ngā tamariki he aha ngā tū kaupapa ka waiho mā te reo Māori e kawe, i ā rātou kōrero tahi me te whānau, i te marae, i te kura anō hoki. E ai ki ngā pakeke, i ā rātou kōrerorero me te whānau, kōrero Māori ai rātou mō ngā tūmomo kaupapa katoa, ka kōrero Māori rānei mō ētahi kaupapa whāiti. I te marae, ko te reo Māori anake, ko te reo Māori rānei te reo ka kōrero nuitia hei whakatutuki i te karanga, i te whaikōrero, i te karakia, ā, i ngā wāhanga ōkawa hoki o ngā hui engari he iti ake te rere o te reo i tērā horopaki. I ngā kōrerorero i ngā wā/wāhi tunu kai, kua rere kōtui te reo Māori me te reo Pākehā. I te kura, he kaha ake te kōrero Māori a ngā tamariki i te akomanga, tēnā i te papa tākaro. He tino kōrero 6 Te Ahu o te Reo | He Pūrongo Poto mō Ōtautahi He aha ngā take e kōrerotia ai te reo Māori, kāore rānei e kōrerotia, i tēnā horopaki, i tēnā horopaki? I uia ngā pakeke mō tā rātou kōrero Māori i roto i ngā mahi e utua ai rātou, i ngā mahi ako, i ngā mahi tūao me ngā mahi i te hapori. Ki tā rātou, he ngāwari ake te kōrero Māori i ētahi horopaki, tēnā i ētahi atu. Hei tauira, he māmā ake i ngā wā he whanonga māori noa te kōrero Māori, i ngā wā kei reira tētahi tangata hei hoa kōrero Māori, ā, i ngā wā kei reira ētahi tāngata matatau ki te kōrero Māori. Engari ia, ki te kore he tāngata hei kōrero Māori atu mā rātou, ina whakaaro rānei rātou he iti rawa tō rātou mōhio ki te reo, hei reira ka uaua ake te kōrero Māori. I mea hoki ngā mātua i uaua ki a rātou te kōrero Māori i a rātou i ngā taiao reo Pākehā, i ngā wā rānei i whakaaro ai rātou he uaua rawa te kaupapa hei kawe ki te reo Māori. I uia atu ngā pakeke me ngā tamariki ki ngā take i pai ai ki a rātou te kōrero Māori me ngā wā/wāhi he māmā te kōrero Māori. Ko ngā take matua i pai ai ki a rātou te kōrero Māori, i te mea he wāhanga tonu nō tō rātou tuakiri Māori, i te mea he reo ātaahua, he reo tuatinitini, he ara pai hei whakawhiti whakaaro tahi ki ētahi atu, ā, e tino hāngai ana tēnei kōrero whakamutunga ki ngā kōrerorero tahi me ngā tamariki, mokopuna. Ko ngā āhuatanga matua i whakangāwari i tā rātou kōrero Māori ki ō rātou hoa kōrero Māori me ētahi atu e mōhio ana rātou, ko ngā hui, ngā kaupapa me ngā taiao Māori, me te whai hoa kōrero Māori e rite ana ki a rātou te matatau. Ko ngā take matua i pai ki ngā tamariki te kōrero Māori, i te mea ki a rātou he wāhanga tonu nō tō rātou tuakiri Māori, he hiahia nō rātou ki te āwhina ki te whakaora ake i te reo Māori, i te mea rānei he pārekareka te kōrero Māori, ko ia tētahi o ngā pakipaki o tō rātou ao. E ai anō ki ngā tamariki, ko te whai hoa kōrero Māori, koia te mea nui ka āwhina i a rātou ki te kōrero Māori tahi me ō rātou hoa. He aha ngā momo tautoko e mātua hiahiatia ana ki te whakahoki mai i te reo Māori hei reo mataora tonu, hei reo kōrerorero noa o ia rā? I tohua e ngā pakeke i Ōtautahi ko te noho mai o ētahi tāngata hei kōrero Māori atu mā rātou me te ako i te reo, koia ngā mea matua ka āwhina i a rātou kia kaha ake tā rātou kōrero Māori i ō rātou kāinga, me ngā hoa, i ō rātou hapori, i te mahi, i ngā mahi ako, i ngā mahi tūao anō. Ko tā ngā tamariki i mea mai ai, ko te whiwhi tāngata hei hoa Māori mō rātou, koia te mea matua ka tautāwhi i a rātou ki te kōrero Māori i te kāinga, me ō rātou hoa, i te kura, me ētahi wāhi kē atu. TŪTOHI 3 Ngā mea āwhina i ngā pakeke kia kaha ake tā rātou kōrero Māori Te whai hoa kōrero Māori Te ako i te reo Māori: te whai rauemi reo Māori Te whakatairanga, te kitea o te reo Māori Te whakatakoto whāinga whaiaro mō te whakamahi i te reo Māori I te kāinga √ √ √ Me ngā hoa √ √ √ I ngā hapori √ √ √ I te mahi / i ngā mahi ako / i ngā mahi tūao √ √ 7 TŪTOHI 4 Ngā mea āwhina i ngā tamariki kia kaha ake tā rātou kōrero Māori Te whai hoa kōrero Māori Te ako i te reo Māori: te whai rauemi reo Māori I te kāinga √ √ Me ngā hoa √ I te kura √ I wāhi kē √ √ Ngā nekeneke i te reo Māori i Ōtautahi Ko tā te ariā Kore–Pō–Awatea (arā, ko te Zero–Passive–Active, ko ZePA tōna ingoa poto) he tautohu i ngā āhuatanga e puta ai he hua pai (he neke matau), he hua kino rānei (he neke mauī) ki te kaha rere o te reo Māori i ngā ngutu o te iwi. Ko tā ngā āhuatanga neke matau, he kawe i te hapori ki te Awatea, e hauora ake ai pea te reo Māori. Ko tā ngā āhuatanga neke mauī, he kawe whaka-te-Kore i te hapori, e hē kē atu ai te hauora o te reo. Kei te hapori kotahi pea ngā āhuatanga e rua – ngā āhuatanga whaka-te-matau, ngā āhuatanga whaka-te-mauī. Ko ētahi tauira o ēnei hanga, ko ngā waiaro, ko ngā whakatau, ko ngā whanonga, ko ngā mahi tērā e puta ai he pānga ki te kōrerotia o te reo Māori. E whakamahia ana e mātou te tauira ZePA i konei hei whakangangahu ake i te whakaahua e puta ake ana o te hauora o te reo Māori i Ōtautahi. Kei raro nei ētahi o ngā kupu ake a ngā pakeke me ngā tamariki e whakaata ana i ētahi o ngā āhuatanga neke matau, neke mauī kei te hapori nei. Ngā nekeneke whaka-te-matau i Ōtautahi Kore Pō Awatea I roto i ngā kōrero a ngā pakeke me ngā tamariki mō ētahi o ngā mea kei te āwhina, kei te whakatītina rānei i a rātou kia kōrero Māori, i kitea ake ētahi āhuatanga whaka-te-matau kei te hapori nei. Hei tauira: • Having culturally supportive people around. They accept and encourage te reo even if they don’t speak it. • I know how passionate and dedicated they are so it influences me. It would almost be unnatural to speak English with them. • My kids—hearing them speak in reo with others makes me want to carry on and speak reo. • It’s good for keeping secrets from people that can’t understand us. • It’s good for sharing a joke, it’s fun! • I like using it with my friends because I can. There’s no pressure, and it being exclusive makes it cool. • Making the conscious decision to only speak te reo (like at home). • Mahi ako ki te puna wānaka. • Attending special events—Manu Kōrero, Matatini. • Kei aua wāhi te reo Māori i ngā wā katoa. He tino kōrero 8 Te Ahu o te Reo | He Pūrongo Poto mō Ōtautahi Ngā nekeneke whaka-te-mauī i Ōtautahi Kore Pō Awatea I ngā kōrero a ngā pakeke me ngā tamariki mō ētahi o ngā mea kei te whakauaua i tā rātou kōrero Māori, i kitea ētahi āhuatanga whaka-te-mauī kei te hapori nei. Hei tauira: • Kāore ia i te whakahoki i te reo Māori. • Having different levels of te reo between us. • He ruarua noa iho ngā tāngata e mōhio ana ki te reo. • Ko te reo Pākehā te reo matua. • Sometimes I can’t put Māori words to my whakaaro. • I want to! But I find it hard to keep up with the ability of others at times. I’ve also got lots of non-reo speaking friends. • My friends, cos they mostly whisper and talk in English, especially if there’s no adults around. • Environment things—it’s less natural or unusual to speak reo here in the south, so it’s all about the situation. That can make it hard to keep reo in your everyday life. • Te kore mātau o ngā tāngata ki te reo Māori (ki taku kura). E tino hiahia ana au kia kōrero Māori ki te kura, engari kāore e maha ngā tāngata e mātau ana. Kei ngā āhuatanga neke matau ētahi whai wāhitanga kia hui tahi ai ngā tāngata kōrero Māori – kua puta ētahi o ngā whai wāhitanga nei i te rautaki o Kotahi Mano Kāika. Ka whakaatuhia e ngā āhuatanga neke mauī ētahi o ngā uauatanga ka pā ki te hapori reo Māori iti i Ōtautahi. Hei tauira, ko ngā wā e noho manawarau ai, e noho wehe ai rānei ngā tāngata kōrero Māori i ētahi atu tāngata kōrero Māori, me ngā wāhi kāore e hanga Māori noa iho te kōrero Māori. He whakaatu tā tēnei wāhanga i te noho mai o ngā waiaro, ngā whakatau, ngā whanonga me ngā mahi hei āhuatanga whaka-te-matau e tautohu ana i ngā mea kei te hāpai i te reo Māori i Ōtautahi, tae atu ki ngā āhuatanga whaka-te-mauī koia e aukati ana, e whakararu ana i te kōrero Māori. Mā te whakamahi i te tauira ZePA hei titiro ki ngā tini āhuatanga ka hua ake i te wāhanga e whai ake nei o te pūrongo, ka tohua pea he ara whakamua mō Ōtautahi, e kaha ake ai, e pai ake ai te rere o te reo Māori i ngā koko maha o te hapori – i te kāinga, i te kura, i te mahi (mahi utu, mahi tūao), i ngā wāhi ako, otirā, i te hapori nui tonu. 9 He kaupapa kōrero Te whenua Mai i te pae maunga o Aoraki Ki Kā Pākihi Whakatekateka a Waitaha Tae atu ki Ōtautahi, Ko Horomaka E karapotia e Te Tai o Marokura, e Te Tai o Mahānui. Ko Ōtautahi te tāone nui katoa o Te Waipounamu. Kei te takutai rāwhiti, kei te taha raki o Horomaka, ā, kei uta atu ko Kā Pākihi Whakatekateka a Waitaha. Ngā iwi Ko te mana whenua o roto o Ōtautahi, ko Ngāi Tūāhuriri, tētahi o ngā hapū o Ngāi Tahu. Kei Horomaka ētahi atu hapū o Ngāi Tahu – ko Ngāti Irakehu, ko Ngāi Te Ruahikihiki ēnā. E ai ki te Tatauranga Whānui 2013, e 25,548 ngā tāngata (tētahi 7 ōrau o te taupori) o Ōtautahi nō t/ētahi iwi Māori. E 9,408 nō Ngāi Tahu/Kāi Tahu, e 3,828 nō Ngāpuhi, e 3,012 nō Ngāti Porou. Ko ētahi atu iwi he tokomaha ōna tāngata i konei, ko Ngāti Kahungunu (e 2,433 tāngata), ko Ngāti Tūwharetoa (1,356 tāngata), ko Waikato (1,251 tāngata), me Ngāi Tūhoe (1,095 tāngata) (Tatauranga Whānui 2013).3 Te taupori E ai ki te Tatauranga Whānui 2013, e 341,500 te tapeke o ngā tāngata kei Ōtautahi e noho ana i te nuinga o te wā. Ko ngāi Māori tētahi 9 ōrau o te taupori. Ko ngāi Pākehā tētahi 84 ōrau o te taupori o Ōtautahi. Tekau mā ono ōrau o te hunga Māori i Ōtautahi, he kōrero Māori. E 2 ōrau o te taupori whānui o Ōtautahi, he kōrero Māori (Tatauranga Whānui 2013). Ina whakatairitea ki Aotearoa nui tonu, he Māori tētahi 15 ōrau o te taupori, he Pākehā tētahi 74 ōrau4 (Tatauranga Whānui 2013). Ā, i te motu whānui, ko tētahi 21 ōrau o ngāi Māori, he kōrero Māori. Ko te reo e noho tuarua mai ana mō te kaha o te kōrerotia i muri i te reo Pākehā, ko te reo Māori – he tata ki te 4 ōrau o te taupori o te motu nui tonu, he kōrero Māori (Tatauranga Whānui 2013). 3 I te Tatauranga Whānui, i whakaaetia kia neke atu i te kotahi ngā iwi Māori e kōwhiria. 4 I te Tatauranga Whānui, i whakaaetia kia neke atu i te kotahi ngā iwi o te ao e kōwhiria. 10 He kōrero nō Ōtautahi5 He whakahiatotanga tēnei o ētahi o ngā tino kōrero mō te reo Māori i Ōtautahi i hua ake i ngā uiuinga i ngā pou reo. Ko ētahi o ngā pou reo nei, ko: Anaru Ruawhitu Pokaia (Tainui, Waikato, Ngāti Maniapoto; Manukura, kanohi me te māngai o Rehua marae; Kaiako Wharekura), Hana O’Regan (Kāi Tahu, Kāti Mamoe, Waitaha; Upoko o Te Puna Wānaka, Kaiarahi), Charisma Rangipunga (Kāi Tahu, Taranaki, Ngā Rauru, Ngāti Kahungunu; Pou Whakahaere i Te Rūnanga o Ngāi Tahu, Kaiwhiri o Te Taura Whiri i te Reo Māori), Eruera Tarena (Ngāi Tahu; Kaihautū o Te Tapuae o Rehua), Melanie Riwai-Couch (Rangitāne ki Wairau, Ngāti Kuia, Ngāti Apa ki te Rā Tō; Tumuaki o Te Kura Kaupapa Māori o Te Whānau Tahi), Tihi Puanaki (Ngāti Hine ki Ngāpuhi; Te Wānanga o Aotearoa), Hukere Ruwhiu (Ngāti Porou, Ngāpuhi; kaumātua).6 Kua kao mai i raro nei ētahi ngā whakaaro, o ngā tūmanako i horahia mai e rātou mō te reo Māori i Ōtautahi. Nā runga i te kaha kōkiri, i te kaha tautoko a ngā iwi i ēnei tau tata nei, kua takoto, kua whakatinana haeretia anō hoki tētahi rautaki reo roraha tonu i Te Waka-a-Māui, ko Kotahi Mano Kāika (KMK) te ingoa. Kua tere kē atu, kua kaha kē atu te koki o te waka whakaora reo i Ōtautahi i te tekau tau ka hori ake nei. I mea mai ngā pou reo, i ētahi wā me uaua ka rangona, ka kitea he tāngata kōrero Māori, waihoki, nō wahi kē te tokomaha o te hunga kōrero Māori – “Ngāi Tāngata nō iwi kē. Ahakoa iti ko ngā mea i ako i te reo”. Heoi anō, i mea anō rātou kua kawea ake te mānuka e ngā reanga tamariki ake. Ko te mea kē me rapu, me kitea he tangata kōrero Māori. Ka kaute au i runga i taku ringa aku hoa matatau. Te reanga o āku tamariki. He huihuinga rangatahi. Mēnā e hāngai ana ki te kaupapa Māori ka kōrero Māori. Tau tata nei kua rongo au tētahi huka kaha ki te kōrero. Ka ū ki te reo. E mōhio ana rātou ki a rātou. Kā wāhi e tūtaki ai te huka e matatau ana ki te kōrero. Ko te Kura Kaupapa Māori me kā Kura Reorua, kā marae. I tua atu i ngā kura, i whakahuatia ake e ngā pou reo ētahi rōpū, ētahi whakahaere, ētahi wāhi e kaha ana te rere o te reo Māori i reira, tae atu ki Te Rūnanga o Ngāi Tahu, ētahi whānau, te whare wānanga, me ngā karapu whakaora tāngata i te auheke. Ko tōku whānau. He whare/marae he wāhi ka huihui ai ngā whānau. Whare wānanga. Kura reo Māori. Ngā kāinga o ngā whānau reo Māori, me ngā hui reo Māori. Whānau; homes and marae where whānau meet, university, Kura Reo and homes of Māori language families. Surf life-saving: Te nuinga o te wā kei reira ētahi tāngata reo Māori. 5 Ko ērā atu hapori e waru i whai wāhi ki Te Ahu o te Reo i te tau 2015, i roto anō i te rangahautanga i kawea e NZCER i ngā 1970. I noho whāiti hoki tērā o ngā rangahautanga ki Te Ika-a-Māui. Nō reira, kāore he kōrero whakatairite mō Ōtautahi i taua wā. 6 Kāore te katoa o ngā pou reo i pīrangi kia whakaingoatia rātou. 11 E ai ki tētahi pou reo, nōna te waimarie kei Te Rūnanga o Ngāi Tahu ia e mahi ana, inā rā, “Tekau [ngā tāngata] o taku wāhi mahi e matatau ana ki te reo.” E whakaae ana ngā pou reo kua piki te tokomaha o te hunga kōrero Māori i Ōtautahi mai i ngā tau o ngā 1990. I nuku mai au ki konei i te tau 1997. I taku taeka mai me uaua ka kite i tētahi ka kōrero ana. 1995—Rua tekau tau ki Ōtautahi, tē nuku atu. Hunga iti i aua rā e kawe ana i te reo. He rautaki, he kaupapa hoki i whakakaha ake i te rere o te reo Māori i te rohe He whakaaro nui ngā pou reo ki te reo o Ngāi Tahu, me tā rātou tohu i te wāhi nui ki a Kotahi Mano Kāika i tokomaha ake ai te hunga kōrero Māori. Kua mōhio tātou mō Kotahi Mano Kāika. He rawe tērā. He whakakitenga whakamua. I miramira anō hoki tētahi i te tuakiri o Ngāi Tahu me te wāhi ki te reo i roto i tērā: Ka mōhio te iwi o Kai Tahu ki tō rātou tuakiri Kāi Tahu. Me te mana o te reo i tērā tuakiri. ... Ka noho tērā anō nei he wāhaka Māori tonu o tō tātou noho hei iwi Kāi Tahu. Ka arohaina tō tātou reo e te katoa. He mea whakatāiri anō e ngā pou reo te kura kaupapa Māori o te rohe me ōna painga mō te reo Māori i Ōtautahi. I kōrerotia hoki te tupu ake o tētahi hapori me ōna anō whānau huri katoa i te kura. Te Kura. Te nuinga o te wā nā te whānau o te kura. Ngā kaiako Māori. He hapori anō ki roto i te hapori whānui o Ōtautahi. Ko āku tamariki kei te Kura Kaupapa Māori. Ka kōrero Māori ahau ki ngā kaiako ākonga. Ko ngā mahi hākinakina: karapu whutupaoro, tākaro waka ama. I mea ake tētahi pou reo kua tino rerekē te āhua o te ako i te reo. Nō ēnei wā tata nei kua riro mā hangarau kē e kawe, e whāngai te reo ki te hunga ako: I mua rā mā te taringa kē te kōrero e rapu! Engari ināianei mā te ripene, mā te kōpae, mā te whakaaturanga e whakatau te tino kōrero. Te hunga kua tipu mai i roto i taua āhua mā te waha me te wairua hei kawe. Ko te taringa noa iho te mea hopu reo. Ko ia hoki te rerekētanga! Ināianei ko te katoa o aua rongo ko te karu, te ihu, ngā tohutohu ao hangarau. Ki tā ngā pou reo, mai i ngā tau o ngā 1990, kua ara ake he kaupapa hou, ā, e kitea ana ngā hua o aua kaupapa. Nā reira ka āhua mau au i te ohorere i taku kiteka atu i te reo e rere kaha nei. Kua tino piki taua āhuatanga [te ako i te Māori]. He moemoeā I horahia mai e ngā pou reo ō rātou tūmanako mō te reo Māori i Ōtautahi. Mataaho ana te puaki mai o tō rātou wawata kia rangona te reo Māori i ngā koko katoa o te hapori, tae atu ki te Kōhanga Reo, te kura me te marae. Me tō rātou kūwata anō kia taea mai e ngā ākonga o ngā kura kōrero Pākehā te reo Māori. Te whakatūturu i te reo Māori E whakaaetia ana ko te whai kia hanga māori noa te reo Māori i Ōtautahi tētahi arotahinga nui mā te hapori. E manako ana ngā pou reo kia tāpua ake te tūranga o te reo i te hapori, kia kawea hoki te reo e ngā ngutu o te katoa. Kei te hiahia anō rātou kia kaha ake te hāpainga o te reo e te ture, i roto anō i te marautanga o ngā kura katoa. He take nui kia ako ngā tangata katoa i te reo Māori. Kei ia whānau ōna ake kaikōrero, kaikaranga. Kia noa te kōrero Māori. He kōrero nō Ōtautahi 12 Te Ahu o te Reo | He Pūrongo Poto mō Ōtautahi Kia noho matua te reo, kia noho mārama i roto i ngā taumata katoa. Ko te reo e manangia ana i te Tiriti, kia mana ā-Ture; kei ngā kura katoa, i ngā wāhi katoa. E mea ana tētahi pou reo ko te marae te tūāpapa o te reo. Ko tā tētahi atu, he whakamahara ake ki te wāhi nui ki tētahi hunga matatau ki te reo, e ako ai ko ētahi atu. Me tīmata i roto i te marae. Kia 20 ōrau ngā tāngata o tētahi iwi ka ora te reo. Ngā tūmanako mō ngā rā e heke mai nei Kei ngā wawata o ngā pou reo tētahi moemoeā mō ngā rā kei tua, he moemoeā mō Ōtautahi nui tonu, e kaha ai te tūranga o te reo Māori i te hapori, e noho anō ai ko te reo Māori te reo tuatahi o ngā uri whakaheke. Kia noho tākata whenua te reo i roto i kā whakapaparaka o te whānau mai i te timataka. Ērā tamariki e ako ana i te reo ka whakatipu ā rātou tamariki i te reo Māori. Arā hoki te manako kia tere tonu te horapa o te reo, kia tōrino ai tōna kakara ki ngā kokoru katoa o te hapori o Ōtautahi: Ko taku wawata kia whakakaha, kia oriori mai te iwi, roa tātou e kōrero ana kia whakatairanga, me te whakaatu i te reo, kia kite ā tātou tāngata (tōna whānuitanga). He tino kaupapa te reo Māori, kia tino muia e te tangata. Kua pakari ētahi, engari mō te oranga ruarua noa iho. Mahi whakahikaka mai te pēpitanga. Me kōrero Māori ki ngā tamariki. 13 He meka • O ngā hapori e iwa o Te Ahu o te Reo, ko Ōtautahi anake te mea kāore i uru ki te rangahautanga o ngā 1970. • I te tau 2015, ko tōna rua hautoru o ngā pakeke me ngā tamariki i uiuia i Ōtautahi i runga i Te Ahu o te Reo, he tino matatau ki te reo Māori. • Kua tino kaha te tupu o te tokomaha kōrero Māori i Ōtautahi mai i ngā tau o ngā 1990. • Ko tōna hauwhā nei o ngā pakeke, ā, he paku nui ake i te haurua o ngā tamariki i mea mai ko te reo Māori tō rātou reo kōrero matua i te kāinga. • Kei te takiwā o te haurima o ngā pakeke, ā, he tata tonu ko te katoa o ngā tamariki, i tohu mai e pai ana ki a rātou te rahi o te reo Māori e kōrerotia ana e rātou. • I ētahi whānau i Ōtautahi, e kōrerotia ana te reo i waenganui i ngā whakatupuranga e rua, neke atu rānei. • E kaha manakotia ana te reo me te tuakiri o Kāi Tahu. He tata ki te hauwhā o ngā pakeke i mea mai e kōrero ana rātou i te reo ake o Ngāi Tahu. Me kore ake te āwhina nui mai a ōna anō kaumātua matatau o iwi kē kua rarau te noho ki te rohe nei, me ērā e tū ana hei kaiako i te Kura Reo ka tū ki Te Waipounamu i ia tau, e torokiki haere nei te reo Māori i Ōtautahi. • Ko tētahi wero kua puta ake, ko te whiriwhiri he aha te wāhi ki ngā mea matatau ki te reo e āhua tamariki tonu ana, me ngā kaumātua o konei kāore nei i te matatau ki te reo. • He nui ake te ōrau o ngāi Pākehā i Ōtautahi (84 ōrau) tēnā i te ōrau kei te motu whānui (74 ōrau). Waihoki, he iti ake te ōrau o ngāi Māori (9 ōrau), tēnā i tō te motu whānui (15 ōrau). He whakauaua anō tēnei āhua i te whai kia hanga māori noa te reo Māori i tēnei rohe. • Kua whai wāhi nui Te Panekiretanga me ngā Kura Reo ki ngā mahi whakapūioio ake i te reo Māori i Ōtautahi. • Ko tētahi rautaki nui o te wā kāinga, ko Kotahi Mano Kāika. Nāna, ko ētahi atu kaupapa huhua, tae atu ki ēnei e whai ake nei: Kia Kūrapa, Café Reo, Aoraki Matatū, te whakarauikatanga reo o Kotahi Mano Kāika, ngā tohu toa mō te reo Māori, ngā karahipi, Kā Manukura o te Reo.