Bit By Bit - whanonga Tauhi - 2.4 rautaki Rangahau Toggle navigation Bit By Bit : Social Research in the Digital Age Mō Arotake tuwhera Torokī Code Mō te Kaituhi Tūmataitinga & whakaaetanga reo English Afrikaans Albanian Amharic Arabic Armenian Azerbaijani Basque Belarusian Bengali Bosnian Bulgarian Catalan Cebuano Chichewa Chinese Simplified Chinese Traditional Corsican Croatian Czech Danish Dutch Esperanto Estonian Filipino Finnish French Frisian Galician Georgian German Greek Gujarati Haitian Creole Hausa Hawaiian Hebrew Hindi Hmong Hungarian Icelandic Igbo Indonesian Irish Italian Japanese Javanese Kannada Kazakh Khmer Korean Kurdish (Kurmanji) Kyrgyz Lao Latin Latvian Lithuanian Luxembourgish Macedonian Malagasy Malay Malayalam Maltese Maori Marathi Mongolian Myanmar (Burmese) Nepali Norwegian Pashto Persian Polish Portuguese Punjabi Romanian Russian Samoan Scots Gaelic Serbian Sesotho Shona Sindhi Sinhala Slovak Slovenian Somali Spanish Sudanese Swahili Swedish Tajik Tamil Telugu Thai Turkish Ukrainian Urdu Uzbek Vietnamese Welsh Xhosa Yiddish Yoruba Zulu Teaching Media Read Online Hokona te pukapuka Princeton University Press Amazon Barnes and Noble IndieBound Preface 1 Whakataki 1.1 He tongi waituhi 1.2 Nau mai ki te ao mamati 1.3 hoahoa Rangahau 1.4 Kaupapa o tenei pukapuka 1.4.1 Readymades ko Custommades 1.4.2 Faingofua mo whīwhiwhi 1.4.3 Matatika nga wahi katoa 1.5 Whakahuahua o te pukapuka 2 whanonga Tauhi 2.1 Whakataki 2.2 raraunga Big 2.3 āhuatanga Common o te raraunga nui 2.3.1 āhuatanga e he pai te tikanga mo te rangahau 2.3.1.1 Big 2.3.1.2 tonu-i runga i 2.3.1.3 Non-urupare 2.3.2 āhuatanga e te hunga te tikanga kino mō te rangahau 2.3.2.1 Tarepa 2.3.2.2 uaua 2.3.2.3 Non-māngai 2.3.2.4 painu 2.3.2.5 Algorithmically whakama 2.3.2.6 Dirty 2.3.2.7 Tairongo 2.4 rautaki Rangahau 2.4.1 mea Counting 2.4.1.1 Taxis i New York City 2.4.1.2 Friendship hanganga i roto i ngā ākonga 2.4.1.3 Rāhui o te pāpāho pāpori i te kāwanatanga Chinese 2.4.2 Matapae me nowcasting 2.4.3 ngā Approximating 2.4.3.1 ngā Natural 2.4.3.2 Matching 2.5 Opaniraa tāpiritanga Hangarau kōrero atu ngohe 3 pātai aniraa 3.1 Whakataki 3.2 aniraa vs. te mātakitaki 3.3 Ko te katoa anga hapa rangahau 3.3.1 Representation 3.3.2 Measurement 3.3.3 Utu 3.4 Ko wai ki te ui 3.4.1 Tūponotanga tīpako: kohinga raraunga me raraunga tātari 3.4.2 tauira Non-tūponotanga: Nuiōrau 3.4.3 tauira Non-tūponotanga: tauira ōrite 3.5 ara New o ui pātai 3.5.1 aromatawai rangitahi kau Ecological 3.5.2 rangahau Wiki 3.5.3 Gamification 3.6 Surveys hono ki ētahi atu raraunga 3.6.1 Maori tono 3.6.2 aniraa taonga 3.7 Opaniraa tāpiritanga Hangarau kōrero atu ngohe 4 ngā Running 4.1 Whakataki 4.2 He aha e ngā whakamātau? 4.3 E rua ngā āhuatanga o ngā: taiwhanga-mara, me te tairitenga-mamati 4.4 Moving tua atu ngā ohie 4.4.1 tekiona 4.4.2 Heterogeneity o pānga maimoatanga 4.4.3 Mechanisms 4.5 Te hanga tupu te reira 4.5.1 Just rave i te reira koe 4.5.1.1 taiao Whakamahia ngā 4.5.1.2 Hanga koutou ake whakamātau 4.5.1.3 Hanga koutou ake hua 4.5.2 Partner ki te kaha 4.6 Whakamaherehere 4.6.1 Waihanga kore raraunga utu tāupe 4.6.2 Whakakapia, Whakapaingia, ka Whakaititia 4.7 Opaniraa tāpiritanga Hangarau kōrero atu ngohe 5 Mass mahi tahi 5.1 Whakataki 5.2 tätaitanga Human 5.2.1 tupuni Zoo 5.2.2 Crowd-waehere o manifestos tōrangapū 5.2.3 Opaniraa 5.3 waea Open 5.3.1 Netflix paraihe 5.3.2 Foldit 5.3.3 Hoa-ki-Patent 5.3.4 Opaniraa 5.4 kohinga raraunga Tūaritia 5.4.1 eBird 5.4.2 PhotoCity 5.4.3 Opaniraa 5.5 te hoahoa koutou ake 5.5.1 kaiuru whakahihiri 5.5.2 heterogeneity huanga 5.5.3 aro Arotahi 5.5.4 Whakahohe ohorere 5.5.5 Kia matatika 5.5.6 tohutohu hoahoa Final 5.6 Opaniraa kōrero atu ngohe 6 Matatika 6.1 Whakataki 6.2 E toru tauira 6.2.1 contagion aronganui 6.2.2 Reka, taura, me te Time 6.2.3 Encore 6.3 He rerekē Digital 6.4 wha parau tumu 6.4.1 Te whakaute mō te Tangata 6.4.2 i atawhai 6.4.3 Justice 6.4.4 Te whakaute mō te ture me te Public Interest 6.5 E rua anga matatika 6.6 Ngā wāhanga o te fifi 6.6.1 whakaae mōhio 6.6.2 matauranga me te whakahaere mōrearea mōhiohio 6.6.3 Tūmataitinga 6.6.4 whakatau Making i te mata o te papû ore 6.7 tohutohu Practical 6.7.1 Ko te IRB ko te patunga witi, e kore i te tuanui 6.7.2 Hoatu koe i roto i hu katoa o te atu 6.7.3 Fakakaukau o matatika rangahau rite tonu, e kore e motuhake 6.8 Opaniraa tāpiritanga Historical kōrero atu ngohe 7 Ko te heke mai 7.1 titiro foward 7.2 Kaupapa o te te heke mai 7.2.1 te papanga o Readymades ko Custommades 7.2.2 kohinga raraunga Melo-fakatefito 7.2.3 matatika i roto i te hoahoa rangahau 7.3 Hoki ki te timatanga whakaaetanga Tohutoro I hanga tēnei translation i te rorohiko. × You are reading the Open Review Edition of Bit by Bit . Click here to read the 1st Edition. 2.4 rautaki Rangahau Homai enei āhuatanga kotahi tekau o ngā puna raraunga nui, me nga here tūturu o raraunga ara maitai kitea, he aha te ahua o ngā rautaki rangahau e whai hua? Ko, me pehea tatou e nehenehe e haapii mai, no te kore tatou e ui pātai me te kore e rere ngā? ai mea he kore i taea e e tika matakitaki iwi arahi ki te rangahau ngā, engari e kore e te e te take. kite ahau toru rautaki matua mō te ako i te raraunga observational: mea tatau, nga mea matakite, a approximating ngā. ka whakaahua ahau ia o enei huarahi-e taea te huaina "rautaki rangahau" ranei "tohutao rangahau" -pea ka whakaatu ia ratou e ahau ki te tauira. Enei rautaki e kore tāuke ngaio ranei, engari mahi ratou te hopu i te rota o te rangahau ki te raraunga observational. Ki te atea i te kerēme e whai, tatau nga mea he tino nui, ina e empirically whakawa tatou i waenganui i matapae i ariā rerekē. Forecasting, a rawa nowcasting, e taea e whai hua mō kaihanga kaupapa here. I te pae hopea, e faarahi raraunga nui to tatou kaha ki te hanga whakatau tata causal i raraunga observational. Powered by Open Review Toolkit × Close × Buy The Book Princeton University Press Amazon Barnes and Noble IndieBound